The Latvian and Ukrainian duet, seeded fourth in the tournament, lost to the French Karoline Garcia and Kristina Mladenoviča (14th) with the result 4-6, 2-6.
Reaching the round of 16 gave Ostapenko 240 WTA doubles ranking points.
In the first round match, Ostapenko and Kichenoka won 6-3, 6-7 (5:7), 7-6 (10:6) over Hungarian Panna Udvardi and Slovenian Tamara Zidanšek, and in the second round with 0-6, 6-2, 7- 6 (10:3) beat Hungarian Anna Bondar and Belgian Greta Minnen.
Ostapenko and Kichenoka reached the semifinals in the previous two Grand Slam tournaments – the Wimbledon Championship and the French Open Championship. In August, they triumphed in the prestigious Cincinnati “WTA 1000” series tournament.
The US Open, which is the last Grand Slam tournament of the season, will be held on hard courts in New York until Sunday.
In singles, Ostapenko lost in the first round, but in mixed doubles she reached the quarterfinals.
